cóng

从

HSK 1Character · Verb · Noun · Adjective · Preposition · AdverbTraditional從

follow; obey; engage in; from; always

Tone colorsmāmámǎmàma

Meanings

12 senses · 25 examples
1.

verb

to follow; to accompany

neutral

Describes moving along with someone or something, often in a formal or neutral context.

Tā他
gēn跟
suí随
zhe着
lǎo老
shī师
yì一
qǐ起
chū出
zhēng征
 。

He followed his teacher to join the expedition.

Zhè这
ge个
nián年
qīng轻
rén人
cóng从
shī师
xué学
yì艺
duō多
nián年
 。

This young man has studied art with his master for many years.

2.

verb

to obey; to comply with

neutral

Used for accepting orders, advice, or a situation that one cannot change.

Miàn面
duì对
wēi威
xié胁
tā他
bèi被
pò迫
shùn顺
cóng从
le了
duì对
fāng方
de的
yāo要
qiú求
 。

Faced with threats, he was forced to comply with the other party's demands.

Wǒ我
de的
néng能
lì力
yǒu有
xiàn限
 ,
shí实
zài在
lì力
bù不
cóng从
xīn心
 。

My ability is limited, I really lack the capacity to do what I want.

3.

verb

to engage in; to participate in

neutral

Used to describe taking up a profession, activity, or military service.

Tā他
cóng从
xiǎo小
jiù就
lì立
zhì志
cóng从
shì事
yì艺
shù术
chuàng创
zuò作
 。

He has aspired to engage in art creation since childhood.

Tā他
shí十
bā八
suì岁
nà那
nián年
bào报
míng名
cān参
jūn军
 ,
cóng从
cǐ此
cóng从
jūn军
bào报
guó国
 。

He signed up to join the army at the age of 18, and has served his country in the military ever since.

4.

verb

to adopt a certain attitude or principle

formal

Commonly used in formal documents, policies, and daily advice.

Wǒ我
men们
zài在
chǔ处
lǐ理
zhè这
ge个
wèn问
tí题
shí时
huì会
cǎi采
qǔ取
cóng从
huǎn缓
de的
cè策
lvè略
 。

We will adopt a gradual strategy when dealing with this issue.

Zhè这
jiā家
cān餐
tīng厅
de的
zhuāng装
xiū修
fēng风
gé格
shí十
fēn分
cóng从
jiǎn简
 ,
méi没
yǒu有
duō多
yú余
de的
zhuāng装
shì饰
 。

This restaurant's decoration style is very minimalist, with no redundant decorations.

5.

noun

retinue; follower

literary

Refers to people who accompany and serve a superior or a notable person.

Guó国
wáng王
chū出
xíng行
shí时
dài带
zhe着
dà大
pī批
suí随
cóng从
qīng轻
zhuāng装
jiǎn简
xíng行
 。

The king traveled lightly with a large retinue.

Nà那
wèi位
lǎo老
jiāng将
jūn军
shēn身
biān边
de的
shì侍
cóng从
bù不
lí离
zuǒ左
yòu右
 。

The attendant who serves the old general never leaves his side.

6.

adjective

subordinate; secondary

formal

Used to describe a status that is subordinate to a main one, or a crime that is auxiliary to a main offense.

Zhè这
ge个
xiàng项
mù目
fēn分
wéi为
zhǔ主
cì次
liǎng两
ge个
bù部
fen分
 ,
cì次
yào要
bù部
fen分
yóu由
cóng从
shǔ属
bù部
mén门
fù负
zé责
 。

This project is divided into primary and secondary parts, with the secondary part handled by subordinate departments.

Zài在
zhè这
qǐ起
àn案
jiàn件
zhōng中
 ,
tā他
zhǐ只
shì是
yī一
míng名
cóng从
fàn犯
 。

In this case, he was only an accessory to the crime.

7.

adjective

cousin (paternal cousin)

literary

Used to describe relatives who share the same grandfather but not the same father, used in formal or traditional family contexts.

Wǒ我
de的
cóng从
xiōng兄
bǐ比
wǒ我
dà大
wǔ五
suì岁
 ,
wǒ我
men们
cóng从
xiǎo小
yì一
qǐ起
zhǎng长
dà大
 。

My paternal cousin is five years older than me, and we grew up together.

Tā他
shì是
wǒ我
de的
cóng从
shū叔
 ,
àn按
bèi辈
fèn分
wǒ我
yīng应
gāi该
jiào叫
tā他
shū叔
shu叔
 。

He is my paternal uncle cousin, and I should call him uncle according to the family hierarchy.

8.

noun

surname Cong

neutral

A common Chinese family name.

Cóng从
xiān先
sheng生
shì是
wǒ我
men们
gōng公
sī司
de的
xīn新
rèn任
cái财
wù务
zǒng总
jiān监
 。

Mr. Cong is the new financial director of our company.

9.

preposition

starting from; beginning at

neutral

Used to indicate the starting point of a journey, time period, or process.

Wǒ我
men们
jì计
huà划
cóng从
shàng上
hǎi海
dào到
běi北
jīng京
chéng乘
zuò坐
gāo高
tiě铁
lǚ旅
xíng行
 。

We plan to travel from Shanghai to Beijing by high-speed rail.

Cóng从
zhè这
ér儿
wǎng往
xī西
jiù就
néng能
kàn看
dào到
nà那
zuò座
dà大
qiáo桥
 。

If you go west from here, you will see that big bridge.

Show 3 more examples
Cóng从
xiàn现
zài在
qǐ起
 ,
wǒ我
men们
yào要
gèng更
jiā加
nǔ努
lì力
de地
xué学
xí习
 。

From now on, we need to study harder.

Xué学
xí习
shì是
yí一
ge个
cóng从
bù不
dǒng懂
dào到
dǒng懂
de的
jiàn渐
jìn进
guò过
chéng程
 。

Learning is a gradual process from ignorance to understanding.

Rèn任
hé何
shì事
yè业
dōu都
shì是
cóng从
wú无
dào到
yǒu有
 、
cóng从
xiǎo小
dào到
dà大
fā发
zhǎn展
qǐ起
lái来
de的
 。

All undertakings develop from nothing to something, and from small to large.

10.

preposition

through; via

neutral

Used to indicate the path or place one passes through.

Wǒ我
cóng从
chuāng窗
hu户
de的
fèng缝
xì隙
lǐ里
kàn看
dào到
le了
wài外
miàn面
de的
qíng情
kuàng况
 。

I saw what was happening outside through the crack in the window.

Nǐ你
cóng从
qiáo桥
shàng上
guò过
 ,
wǒ我
cóng从
qiáo桥
xià下
zǒu走
 ,
wǒ我
men们
zài在
qiáo桥
duì对
miàn面
huì汇
hé合
 。

You cross over the bridge, I walk under the bridge, and we meet on the other side of the bridge.

11.

preposition

according to; based on

formal

Used to introduce the basis or basis for judgment.

Cóng从
bǐ笔
jì迹
lái来
kàn看
 ,
zhè这
fēng封
xìn信
yīng应
gāi该
shì是
hái孩
zi子
xiě写
de的
 。

Based on the handwriting, this letter should have been written by a child.

12.

adverb

always; ever

neutral

Used before negative words to emphasize that a situation has never happened.

Wǒ我
cóng从
lái来
méi没
yǒu有
tīng听
shuō说
guò过
zhè这
zhǒng种
qí奇
guài怪
de的
shì事
qíng情
 。

I have never heard of such a strange thing before.

Wǒ我
cóng从
wèi未
jiàn见
guò过
zhōng中
guó国
rén人
mín民
xiàng像
xiàn现
zài在
zhè这
yàng样
jīng精
shén神
bǎo饱
mǎn满
 、
dòu斗
zhì志
áng昂
yáng扬
 。

I have never seen the Chinese people so full of energy and high morale as they are now.