xū

虚

HSK 7-9Character · Adjective · Adverb · NounTraditional虛

empty; hollow; cowardly; vain; false; modest; weak; theory; constellation

Tone colorsmāmámǎmàma

Meanings

9 senses · 42 examples
1.

adjective

empty; hollow; unsubstantial

Describes something that lacks substance, reality, or physical filling.

Zhè这
bù部
kē科
huàn幻
xiǎo小
shuō说
gòu构
jiàn建
le了
yī一
gè个
xū虚
huàn幻
de的
wèi未
lái来
shì世
jiè界
 。

This sci-fi novel builds an unreal future world.

Shì市
chǎng场
shàng上
yǒu有
xiē些
guǎng广
gào告
xuān宣
chuán传
de的
xiào效
guǒ果
qí其
shí实
hěn很
xū虚
fú浮
 。

The promotional effects of some ads are actually very superficial.

Show 3 more examples
Xiǎo小
tōu偷
chèn趁
zhe着
fáng防
shǒu守
kōng空
xū虚
de的
yè夜
wǎn晚
qián潜
rù入
le了
cāng仓
kù库
 。

The thief broke into the warehouse at night when defenses were empty.

Tā他
de的
chéng承
nuò诺
tīng听
qǐ起
lái来
hěn很
xū虚
 ,
méi没
yǒu有
shí实
jì际
xíng行
dòng动
zhī支
chēng撑
 。

His promise sounds empty, with no real actions to back it up.

Zhè这
gè个
gù故
shì事
de的
qíng情
jié节
tài太
xū虚
le了
 ,
dú读
zhě者
hěn很
nán难
gòng共
qíng情
 。

The plot of this story is too hollow, making it hard for readers to empathize.

2.

adjective

unoccupied; vacant

formal

Used to describe positions, seats, or roles that are available or unoccupied.

Xué学
xiào校
zhèng正
zài在
wèi为
xīn新
jiào教
shòu授
xū虚
wèi位
yǐ以
dài待
 ,
děng等
dài待
quán全
qiú球
dǐng顶
jiān尖
rén人
cái才
jiā加
méng盟
 。

The school is waiting for top global talent to fill the new professor position.

Qǐng请
bǎ把
xū虚
wèi位
liú留
gěi给
yǒu有
xū需
yào要
de的
chéng乘
kè客
 。

Please leave the vacant seat for passengers in need.

Show 3 more examples
Gōng公
sī司
xū虚
wèi位
yǐ以
dài待
shǒu首
xí席
jì技
shù术
guān官
yī一
zhí职
yǐ已
yǒu有
bàn半
nián年
 。

The company has had the CTO position vacant for half a year.

Zhè这
jiā家
cān餐
tīng厅
hái还
yǒu有
xū虚
wèi位
 ,
bù不
yòng用
tí提
qián前
yù预
yuē约
 。

This restaurant has available tables, no need to reserve in advance.

Zǔ组
wěi委
huì会
xū虚
wèi位
yǐ以
dài待
yōu优
xiù秀
de的
qīng青
nián年
chuàng创
zuò作
zhě者
 。

The organizing committee is waiting for outstanding young creators to join.

3.

adjective

cowardly; timid; lacking confidence

Describes a person's mental state of being unsure, guilty, or easily frightened.

Tā他
zài在
zhòng众
rén人
miàn面
qián前
fā发
yán言
shí时
xiǎn显
de得
yǒu有
xiē些
dǎn胆
xū虚
 。

He looked a bit timid when speaking in front of a crowd.

Sā撒
le了
huǎng谎
de的
hái孩
zi子
miàn面
duì对
lǎo老
shī师
shí时
xīn心
lǐ里
fā发
xū虚
 。

The lying child felt guilty when facing the teacher.

Show 3 more examples
Dì第
yī一
cì次
shàng上
tái台
biǎo表
yǎn演
de的
tā她
yǒu有
diǎn点
xīn心
xū虚
 。

She felt a bit nervous and unsure for her first stage performance.

Tā他
zuò做
le了
cuò错
shì事
 ,
miàn面
duì对
jiā家
zhǎng长
shí时
xīn心
lǐ里
hěn很
xū虚
 。

He did something wrong and felt uneasy when facing his parents.

Méi没
yǒu有
zhǔn准
bèi备
hǎo好
kǎo考
shì试
de的
xué学
shēng生
zǒu走
jìn进
kǎo考
chǎng场
shí时
gǎn感
dào到
xīn心
xū虚
 。

The student who didn't prepare for the exam felt unsure when entering the考场.

4.

adverb

in vain; for no reason; without waste

Used to describe actions that either achieve nothing or achieve the intended result.

Wǒ我
men们
bù不
yào要
xū虚
dù度
guāng光
yīn阴
 ,
yào要
zhēn珍
xī惜
měi每
yī一
fēn分
měi每
yī一
miǎo秒
 。

We should not waste time and cherish every second.

Zhè这
cì次
xùn训
liàn练
ràng让
wǒ我
men们
de的
nǔ努
lì力
méi没
yǒu有
xū虚
fā发
 ,
zuì最
zhōng终
yíng赢
dé得
le了
bǐ比
sài赛
 。

This training made our efforts pay off, and we finally won the game.

Show 3 more examples
Tā他
de的
fù付
chū出
méi没
yǒu有
xū虚
zhì掷
 ,
zhōng终
yú于
dé得
dào到
le了
yīng应
yǒu有
de的
huí回
bào报
 。

His efforts were not wasted, and he finally got the deserved reward.

Zhè这
yī一
jiàn箭
xū虚
fā发
 ,
méi没
yǒu有
jī击
zhòng中
mù目
biāo标
 。

This arrow missed the target completely.

Tā他
huā花
le了
bàn半
nián年
shí时
jiān间
xiě写
de的
lùn论
wén文
 ,
jié结
guǒ果
bèi被
pàn判
dìng定
wéi为
xū虚
hào耗
jīng精
lì力
 。

The paper he spent half a year writing was judged to be a waste of effort.

5.

adjective

false; fake; not genuine

Describes things that are not true, fake, or not based on reality.

Zhè这
jiā家
gōng公
sī司
bèi被
bào曝
guāng光
wěi伪
zào造
xū虚
jiǎ假
de的
cái财
wù务
bào报
gào告
 。

This company was exposed for forging false financial reports.

Tā他
huò获
dé得
le了
yī一
gè个
xū虚
míng名
 ,
bìng并
méi没
yǒu有
zhēn真
zhèng正
de的
shí实
lì力
 。

He got a false reputation without real ability.

Show 3 more examples
Zhè这
gè个
gù故
shì事
de的
qíng情
jié节
wán完
quán全
shì是
xū虚
gòu构
de的
 ,
méi没
yǒu有
shì事
shí实
yī依
jù据
 。

The plot of this story is completely fictional, with no factual basis.

Wǎng网
luò络
shàng上
yǒu有
hěn很
duō多
xū虚
jiǎ假
de的
jiàn健
kāng康
xìn信
xī息
 ,
bù不
yào要
qīng轻
yì易
xiāng相
xìn信
 。

There are many false health information online, do not trust them easily.

Tā他
de的
xū虚
jiǎ假
chéng承
nuò诺
ràng让
hěn很
duō多
rén人
shàng上
dāng当
shòu受
piàn骗
 。

His false promises made many people fall for scams.

6.

adjective

modest; humble

formal

Describes a person's humble and open-minded attitude towards learning or feedback.

Tā他
wéi为
rén人
fēi非
cháng常
qiān谦
xū虚
 ,
cóng从
bù不
xuàn炫
yào耀
zì自
jǐ己
de的
chéng成
jì绩
 。

He is very modest and never shows off his achievements.

Zuò作
wéi为
xué学
shēng生
 ,
wǒ我
men们
yīng应
gāi该
bǎo保
chí持
qiān谦
xū虚
de的
tài态
dù度
xiàng向
lǎo老
shī师
qǐng请
jiào教
 。

As students, we should maintain a humble attitude to ask teachers for advice.

Show 3 more examples
Jí即
shǐ使
qǔ取
dé得
le了
hǎo好
chéng成
jì绩
 ,
tā他
yī依
rán然
hěn很
qiān谦
xū虚
 。

Even after getting good grades, he is still very modest.

Qiān谦
xū虚
shǐ使
rén人
jìn进
bù步
 ,
jiāo骄
ào傲
shǐ使
rén人
luò落
hòu后
 。

Modesty helps one make progress, while pride makes one fall behind.

Zhè这
wèi位
zhù著
míng名
de的
kē科
xué学
jiā家
zǒng总
shì是
yǐ以
qiān谦
xū虚
de的
tài态
duì度
dài对
hòu待
bèi后
 辈
 。

This famous scientist always treats younger generations with a humble attitude.

7.

adjective

weak; frail; deficient in health

Describes a person's physical state of being weak, lacking strength or energy.

Dà大
bìng病
chū初
yù愈
de的
tā他
kàn看
qǐ起
lái来
qì气
sè色
hěn很
xū虚
 。

He looks very weak after just recovering from a serious illness.

Tā她
cháng长
qī期
pín贫
xuè血
 ,
jīng经
cháng常
gǎn感
dào到
qì气
xuè血
xū虚
 。

She has long-term anemia and often feels weak and deficient in qi and blood.

Show 3 more examples
Gāng刚
zuò做
wán完
shǒu手
shù术
de的
bìng病
rén人
shēn身
tǐ体
hěn很
xū虚
 ,
xū需
yào要
hǎo好
hǎo好
xiū休
yǎng养
 。

The patient who just finished surgery is very weak and needs proper rest.

Tā他
yīn因
wèi为
áo熬
yè夜
jiā加
bān班
 ,
zuì最
jìn近
xiǎn显
de得
hěn很
xū虚
ruò弱
 。

He has been staying up late working overtime and looks very weak lately.

Tǐ体
xū虚
de的
rén人
zài在
huàn换
jì季
shí时
róng容
yì易
gǎn感
mào冒
 。

People with weak constitutions are prone to colds when seasons change.

8.

noun

theory; ideological principle

formal

Used in formal contexts to refer to theoretical or ideological guidance.

Wǒ我
men们
yào要
jiān坚
chí持
wù务
xū虚
yǔ与
wù务
shí实
xiāng相
jié结
hé合
de的
gōng工
zuò作
fāng方
fǎ法
 。

We must adhere to the working method of combining theoretical guidance with practical work.

Zhè这
cì次
huì会
yì议
zhǔ主
yào要
shì是
wù务
xū虚
 ,
tǎo讨
lùn论
wèi未
lái来
de的
fā发
zhǎn展
fāng方
xiàng向
 。

This meeting is mainly for theoretical discussion of future development directions.

Show 3 more examples
Lǐng领
dǎo导
gàn干
bù部
xū需
yào要
rèn认
zhēn真
xué学
xí习
wù务
xū虚
zhī知
shí识
 ,
tí提
shēng升
lǐ理
lùn论
shuǐ水
píng平
 。

Leading cadres need to seriously study theoretical knowledge to improve their theoretical level.

Yǐ以
xū虚
dài带
shí实
de的
gōng工
zuò作
sī思
lù路
kě可
yǐ以
gèng更
hǎo好
de地
tuī推
dòng动
zhèng政
cè策
luò落
dì地
 。

The working idea of using theoretical guidance to drive practical work can better promote policy implementation.

Tā他
zài在
wù务
xū虚
huì会
shàng上
tí提
chū出
le了
hěn很
duō多
yǒu有
jiàn建
shè设
xìng性
de的
yì意
jiàn见
 。

He put forward many constructive opinions at the theoretical discussion meeting.

9.

noun

Xu (one of the 28 lunar mansions)

archaic

A traditional Chinese astronomical term referring to one of the 28 lunar mansions, belonging to the West seven mansions.

Zài在
gǔ古
dài代
tiān天
wén文
lì历
fǎ法
zhōng中
 ,
xū虚
sù宿
shì是
xī西
fāng方
bái白
hǔ虎
qī七
sù宿
de的
dì第
sì四
sù宿
 。

In ancient Chinese astronomy, Xu is the fourth of the seven Western White Tiger lunar mansions.

Xū虚
sù宿
duì对
yìng应
de的
xīng星
zuò座
zhǔ主
yào要
shì是
bǎo宝
píng瓶
zuò座
hé和
xiǎo小
mǎ马
zuò座
 。

The constellations corresponding to Xu are mainly Aquarius and Equuleus.