乎
modal particle; suffix
Meanings
7 senses · 20 examplesparticle
used for question/rhetorical question, same as 'ma'
literaryUsed in classical or formal written Chinese, mostly in ancient texts.
Are kings, marquises, generals, and nobles born to their positions?
This is indeed a critical moment of survival. If destroying the State of Zheng benefits you, how dare I trouble your officials? Crossing another state to govern a distant land, you must know how difficult that is, right?
particle
used for selective question, same as 'ne'
literaryUsed in classical written Chinese to present two contrasting options.
Is it so? Or is it not so?
To practice benevolence depends on oneself, does it not depend on others?
particle
used for speculation, same as 'ba'
literaryUsed to express a tentative judgment or conjecture in formal written language.
The key to success, failure, rise and fall, I suppose, lies here, right?
If the king loves music so much, then the state of Qi should be pretty well off, I suppose.
particle
used for imperative, same as 'ba'
literaryUsed to urge or command in classical formal writing.
Come back with your long sword!
Work hard, everyone! The future is bright, come on!
preposition suffix
suffix equivalent to 'yu'
literaryAttached after verbs or adjectives to form a prepositional phrase, equivalent to 'on, in, from' etc.
He now cares about others' opinions.
This result fully matches our expectations.
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This exam exceeded my expectations.
This new regulation complies with environmental protection principles.
His ability is beyond ordinary people.
adjective/adverb suffix
suffix for adjectives/adverbs
literaryUsed to enrich the descriptive tone, equivalent to 'very' or 'in a ... manner' in English.
Lofty like a high mountain, rushing like flowing water.
So rich and culturally prosperous, I follow the Zhou system.
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His viewpoint is completely different, making people feel refreshed.
This new technology is indeed important and worth promoting vigorously.
He ran into the classroom in high spirits.
particle
used for exclamation, same as 'a'
literaryUsed to express strong emotion in classical written Chinese.
Heavens! I am innocent.
How painful! The suffering of the common people.