without permission; privately; secretly
Tone colorsmāmámǎmàma
Meanings
1 sense · 4 examplesadverb
without permission; privately; secretly (doing something against regulations without informing the organization or relevant parties)
Carries a negative connotation implying violation of rules or lack of authorization. Often used in formal or institutional contexts.
Tā他
sī私
zì自
zuò做
chū出
le了
jué决
dìng定
。
He made the decision without permission.
Zhè这
shì是
gōng公
wù物
，
bù不
néng能
sī私
zì自
ná拿
zǒu走
。
This is public property; you can't take it without authorization.
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Yuán员
gōng工
bù不
dé得
sī私
zì自
shǐ使
yòng用
gōng公
sī司
shè设
bèi备
。
Employees are not allowed to use company equipment without permission.
Tā他
sī私
zì自
lí离
kāi开
le了
gǎng岗
wèi位
。
He left his post without permission.