without authorization; arbitrarily
Tone colorsmāmámǎmàma
Meanings
1 sense · 4 examplesadverb
to act without authorization; to take matters into one's own hands arbitrarily
formalAlways used to criticize or describe actions that overstep authority or violate rules; implies a negative consequence.
Yuán员
gōng工
bù不
dé得
shàn擅
zì自
gǎi改
biàn变
ān安
quán全
cāo操
zuò作
guī规
chéng程
。
Employees must not alter safety operating procedures without authorization.
Tā他
shàn擅
zì自
jué决
dìng定
shǐ使
yòng用
xiàng项
mù目
zī资
jīn金
，
shòu受
dào到
le了
chǔ处
fèn分
。
He was disciplined for arbitrarily deciding to use the project funds.
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Wèi未
jīng经
yǔn允
xǔ许
，
rèn任
hé何
rén人
bù不
néng能
shàn擅
zì自
jìn进
rù入
shí实
yàn验
shì室
。
No one may enter the laboratory without permission.
Zhè这
fèn份
hé合
tóng同
tiáo条
kuǎn款
，
wǒ我
fāng方
bù不
néng能
shàn擅
zì自
xiū修
gǎi改
。
We cannot arbitrarily modify the terms of this contract.