氏
clan name; married woman's title; expert suffix
Meanings
5 senses · 25 examplesnoun
surname; clan name; family name
literaryRefers to a clan or family lineage. Commonly found in historical texts or genealogy.
The Zhang brothers are very prestigious in the village.
This family is a descendant of the Li clan.
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Ancient society was organized by clans.
People with the same surname in the world should help each other.
The Zhao clan has lived here for over a hundred years.
noun
title for married women (husband's surname + father's surname + 氏)
archaicUsed in feudal times to denote a married woman's identity, combining her husband's surname with her father's surname.
This woman is addressed as Zhao-Wang shi.
In the old days, women after marriage were often called Sun-Li shi.
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The tombstone is engraved with 'Tomb of Zhang-Liu shi'.
In feudal society, Zhao-Wang shi did not have her own name.
Address her as Chen-Zhou shi.
noun
suffix for experts, scholars, or foreign names
neutralUsed after a surname to denote respect or expertise (e.g., 顾氏 for Gu Yanwu), or in phonetic translations (e.g., 摄氏 for Celsius).
The Celsius thermometer is a commonly used tool for measuring temperature.
Darwin proposed the theory of evolution.
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The 'Ri Zhi Lu' written by Gu (Gu Yanwu) is very famous.
The Confucian thought of the Meng (Mencius) school has had a far-reaching influence.
The temperature today is twenty-five degrees Celsius.
noun
suffix for kinship terms
literaryPlaced after kinship terms to address or refer to one's relatives, often in literary contexts.
My maternal uncle treated me very well.
My mother taught me to be honest since I was little.
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My father passed away many years ago.
He relies on his elder brother for a living.
My paternal aunt often comes to visit us.
noun
a Chinese surname
neutralShi is used as a rare Chinese surname.
My surname is Shi, and my given name is Moumou.
Hello Mr. Shi, please take a seat.
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The history of the Shi family is very long.
Are you a descendant of the Shi clan?
There are not many people with the surname Shi in this village.