既
already; since; both...and...
Meanings
4 senses · 20 examplesadverb
already; having happened
Used to describe an action or state that has been completed before the current time, often used in formal and daily contexts.
This matter has already become established fact.
He has already obtained the benefits of this project.
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The teacher has already said we should let bygones be bygones, so let's not bring it up again.
Dinner is already ready, come and eat quickly.
We have already completed today's work tasks.
conjunction
since; now that
Used to introduce a precondition, followed by a conclusion or suggestion. Common in both formal and spoken Chinese.
Since you have already come, just stay and settle in.
Since you have chosen this path, you must stick to it until the end.
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Since the weather is so nice, let's go take a walk in the park together.
Since he doesn't want to participate, we shouldn't force him.
Since you promised others, you should keep your word.
verb (literary)
completed; exhausted; used up
literaryA classical Chinese usage, rarely used in modern daily spoken Chinese, mostly appears in formal written contexts or fixed phrases.
This pot of rice has been eaten up, let's cook another one.
His energy has been exhausted, and he can no longer continue working.
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The stored goods have been sold out, and we cannot restock for now.
The water in the cup has been drunk up, please pour me another cup.
The budget for this project has been used up, and we need to apply for additional funds.
adverb
both...and...; not only...but also...
Used to connect two parallel attributes or situations, emphasizing that both conditions are true. Very common in daily and formal Chinese.
This new apartment building is both tall and large, with excellent views.
Deskmate is both smart and hardworking, and ranks among the top in every exam.
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To do a job well, you need both a周密 plan and practical measures.
This restaurant is both cheap and delicious, and many people like to eat here.
This smartphone is both beautiful and practical, and is deeply loved by consumers.