state item by item; historical petition
Tone colorsmāmámǎmàma
Meanings
2 senses · 6 examplesverb
to state item by item; to present (opinions, facts) separately in points
formalOften used in formal or official contexts when presenting arguments or reports point by point.
Tā他
zài在
huì会
yì议
shàng上
tiáo条
chén陈
le了
gǎi改
gé革
de的
sān三
dà大
lǐ理
yóu由
。
He stated the three main reasons for the reform point by point at the meeting.
Zhè这
fèn份
bào报
gào告
tiáo条
chén陈
le了
dāng当
qián前
miàn面
lín临
de的
suǒ所
yǒu有
wèn问
tí题
。
This report lists all the current problems item by item.
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Xià下
shǔ属
tiáo条
chén陈
lì利
bì弊
，
gòng供
shàng上
jí级
cān参
kǎo考
。
The subordinate stated the pros and cons for the superior's reference.
noun
a petition or memorial (historical) stating opinions item by item; a written statement to a superior
archaicRefers to historical documents submitted to officials or the emperor. Now used historically or metaphorically.
Dà大
chén臣
xiàng向
huáng皇
dì帝
shàng上
le了
yī一
gè个
tiáo条
chén陈
，
qǐng请
qiú求
jiǎn减
miǎn免
fù赋
shuì税
。
The minister submitted a memorial to the emperor requesting tax reduction.
Zhè这
fèn份
tiáo条
chén陈
xiáng详
xì细
fēn分
xī析
le了
biān边
jìng境
fáng防
wù务
de的
lòu漏
dòng洞
。
This petition detailed the loopholes in border defense.
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Tā他
xiě写
le了
yī一
gè个
tiáo条
chén陈
，
fēn分
tiáo条
liè列
jǔ举
gǎi改
gé革
de的
bì必
yào要
cuò措
shī施
。
He wrote a memorial listing the necessary reform measures point by point.