complement; supplementary element after verbs or adjectives
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Meanings
1 sense · 5 examplesnoun
complement; a supplementary linguistic element following a verb or adjective
formalA grammatical term in Chinese linguistics. It provides additional information about the result, degree, direction, quantity, or possibility of an action or state. Common types include resultative complements (结果补语), directional complements (趋向补语), degree complements (程度补语), potential complements (可能补语), and quantitative complements (数量补语).
“
tīng听
dǒng懂
le了
”
de的
“
dǒng懂
”
shì是
jié结
guǒ果
bǔ补
yǔ语
。
In '听懂了,' '懂' is a resultative complement.
“
hǎo好
de得
hěn很
”
de的
“
hěn很
”
shì是
chéng程
dù度
bǔ补
yǔ语
。
In '好得很,' '很' is a degree complement.
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“
ná拿
chū出
lái来
”
de的
“
chū出
lái来
”
shì是
qū趋
xiàng向
bǔ补
yǔ语
。
In '拿出来,' '出来' is a directional complement.
“
zǒu走
yī一
tàng趟
”
de的
“
yī一
tàng趟
”
shì是
shù数
liàng量
bǔ补
yǔ语
。
In '走一趟,' '一趟' is a quantitative complement.
Xué学
xí习
bǔ补
yǔ语
shì是
zhǎng掌
wò握
hàn汉
yǔ语
yǔ语
fǎ法
de的
guān关
jiàn键
yī一
bù步
。
Learning complements is a key step in mastering Chinese grammar.