same as below; ditto
Tone colorsmāmámǎmàma
Meanings
1 sense · 4 examplesverb
what is stated below is the same as what is stated here; ditto below
formalPrimarily used in formal writing, footnotes, tables, and academic texts to indicate that the same content applies to subsequent entries without repetition. Often appears in parentheses at the end of a statement.
Suǒ所
yǒu有
jià价
gé格
jūn均
yǐ以
rén人
mín民
bì币
jì计
suàn算
（
xià下
tóng同
）
。
All prices are calculated in RMB (same applies below).
Zēng增
zhǎng长
lǜ率
àn按
nián年
dù度
tǒng统
jì计
（
xià下
tóng同
）
。
The growth rate is calculated annually (ditto below).
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Xiáng详
jiàn见
shàng上
wén文
，
cǐ此
chù处
bù不
zài再
zhuì赘
shù述
（
xià下
tóng同
）
。
See above for details; no further elaboration here (same below).
Dì第
yī一
lán栏
wéi为
jī基
zhǔn准
shù数
jù据
（
xià下
tóng同
）
。
The first column shows the baseline data (same for subsequent columns).